• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention disclosures a method for spatially positioning a crack in a T-joint weldment, which belongs to the technical field of weldment detection. In the method, firstly, the T-joint weldment is rotated left and right to obtain the left and right rotation images by the X-ray detection. According to the geometric relationship between the parts of the detected image, the mathematical model for calculating the depth and the offset of the crack defect in the T-joint weldment is established. According to the above model, the depths h₁, h₂ and the offsets x₁, x₂ of the two ends of the crack tip, the offset x of the middle point of the crack and the inclination angle θ of the crack in the T-joint weldment are determined respectively. The distribution of the crack defect along the length direction of the welding line can be obtained by image processing, thereby realizing the spatial positioning of the crack defect in the T-joint weldment.
    公开号:NL2024691A
    申请号:NL2024691
    申请日:2020-01-17
    公开日:2020-05-06
    发明作者:Shi Duanhu；Wu Sanhai；Zhao Hongfeng；Sha Jing；Li Changyun；Xu Lei；Yang Feng；He Min
    申请人:Xuzhou Inst Technology；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    METHOD FOR SPATIALLY POSITIONING CRACK IN T-JOINT WELDMENT TECHNICAL FIELD
    The present invention relates to a method for spatially positioning a crack in a weldment, which belongs to the technical field of weldment detection.
    BACKGROUND
    At present, the inventor has carried out the research on spatially positioning the bulk-type defect in the weldment by adopting the X-ray multi-view imaging method, and realized the automatic extraction and visualization of the spatial position data of the bulk-type defect in batch. The problems existing in the translation parallax method and the double exposure method with the aid of lead mark are eliminated, such as great operation difficulty, large measurement error, large error transmission and others. Crack is a area-type defect, which commonly exists in welded joints and has a great impact on the safety of important welded structures.
    However, using the X-ray detection method to carry out the research on spatially positioning the crack and other area-type defects in the weldment has not been reported at home and abroad. Therefore, the present invention of a method for spatially positioning the crack in the T-joint weldment (see FIG. 1) without the aid of marked points has extremely important theoretical and practical significance as well as broad engineering application prospects, which may be popularized and applied to ordinary welded joints.
    SUMMARY
    In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art above, the present invention provides a method for spatially positioning a crack in a T-joint weldment. The method can conveniently realizes the spatial positioning of the crack in the T-joint weldment and has high positioning accuracy and strong adaptability, which has a good prospect of engineering application.
    The present invention is realized by the following technical solution. A method for spatially positioning a crack in a T-joint weldment, which can realize the spatial positioning of the crack in the T-joint weldment, includes the following steps:
    1) rotating the T-joint weldment left and right to obtain left and right rotation images by a X-ray detection.
    2) by a geometric relationship between each part in the detected left and right rotation images, establishing a mathematical model of depths and offsets of two ends of a crack tip;
    3) according to the above model, determining the depths Ai, hi and the offsets xi, xi of the two ends of the crack tip, a offset x of a middle point of the crack and a inclination angle Θ of the crack in the T-joint weldment, respectively;
    4) finally, obtaining a distribution of the crack defect along a length direction of a welding line by image processing, thereby realizing the spatial positioning of the crack defect in the Tjoint weldment.
    Further, in the step 2), a thinnest position of the weldment penetrated by the X-ray penetration is selected as a positioning characteristic point, and a mathematical model of the depths and the offsets of the two ends of the crack tip is established.
    Further, in the step 2), the mathematical model for calculating the offsets of the two ends of the crack tip is as follows:
    Λ| — sin a _ dt2-dr2 sin a
    The mathematical model for calculating the offset of the middle point of the crack is as follows:
    X. + X, x = —--2
    When x>0, the middle point of the crack is located on the right side of a center line of a web plate of the T-joint weldment. When x=0, the middle point of the crack lies on the center line of the web plate of the T-joint weldment. When x<0, the middle point of the crack is located on the left side of the center line of the web plate of the T-joint weldment.
    The mathematical model for calculating the depths of the crack tip is as follows:
    r d,, W . c cos a 2 d W h2=^-(T- + x2) + d cosa 2 where, hi, hi represent the depths of the two ends Ai, A 2 of the crack tip in the T-joint weldment, that is, the distances (mm) from the two ends of the crack tip to the lower surface of the wing plate of the T-joint weldment calculated by the formula;
    xi, X2 represent the distances from the two ends Ai, A2 of the crack tip in the T-joint weldment to the center line of the web plate, namely, the offsets (mm) of the two ends of the crack tip;
    x represents the distance from the middle point of the crack in the T-joint weldment to the center line of the web plate, namely, the offset (mm) of the middle point of the crack;
    dn, dn represent the projection distance (mm) from the two ends Ai, A2 of the crack tip to the thinnest position of the weldment penetrated by the X-ray penetration when the T-joint weldment is rotated right;
    dr], dr2 represent the projection distance (mm) from the two ends Ai, A2 of the crack tip to the thinnest position of the weldment penetrated by the X-ray penetration when the T-joint weldment is rotated left;
    a represents the angle of the left and right rotation of the T-joint weldment;
    W represents the width (mm) of the web plate of the T-joint weldment;
    Θ represents the angle between the line connecting the two ends of the crack and the horizontal line.
    Further, when a=45°, the mathematical model for calculating the offsets of the two ends of the crack tip is as follows:
    _dii~drl 2
    When a=45°, the mathematical model for calculating the depths of the crack tip is as follows:
    /¾ = [ïd!} - (^- + Xj) + δ
    I- W h2 = d2dl2 - (— + x2) + δ
    Furthermore, if Λ #/22, the inclination angle of the crack need be calculated.
    If hi>h2, the inclination angle Θ is above the horizontal line.
    Otherwise» if h<hi, the inclination angle Θ is below the horizontal line.
    The mathematical model for calculating the inclination angle Θ between a line connecting the two ends of the crack tip and the horizontal line is as follows:
    I/ , - ^1
    Θ = arctanJL x, -x2
    Further, in the step 2), the width W of the web plate and the thickness δ of the wing plate of the T-joint weldment are measured in advance, and the du, di2, dri and dr2 are automatically obtained after segmenting and extracting the defect in the detected images.
    As an application of the present invention, the method for spatially positioning the crack in the T-joint weldment can also be applied to the spatial positioning of the area-type defect in the formed parts such as T-shaped castings and forgings.
    The advantages of the present invention are as follows. By adopting the method of the present invention for spatially positioning the crack in the T-joint weldment, the spatial positioning of the crack defect in the T-joint weldment can be realized. The present invention is also applicable to the spatial positioning of other area-type defects in the T-joint weldment. The present invention has the advantages of simple operation, having high positioning accuracy, strong adaptability and wide application. The present invention can be popularized to the spatial positioning of the area-type defects in other welded joints and applied to the spatial positioning of the area-type defects in the formed parts such as T-shaped castings and forgings, which has a good prospect of engineering application.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
    The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiment.
    FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the T-joint weldment.
    FIG. 2 shows the mathematical model for calculating the depths of the two ends Ai, A 2 of the crack tip in the T-joint weldment.
    FIG. 3 shows the mathematical model for calculating the offsets of the two ends Ai, Ag of the crack tip in T-joint weldment.
    FIG. 4 shows the model of the inclination angle of the crack in the weldment.
    In the figure: 1. web plate; 2. wing plate; 3. welding line; 4. crack; 5. X-ray incident direction.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT
    The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiment.
    A method for spatially positioning a crack in a T-joint weldment, which can realize the spatial positioning of the crack in the T-joint weldment, includes the following steps.
    1) The T-joint weldment is rotated left and right to obtain the left and right rotation images by the X-ray detection.
    2) By the geometric relationship between the parts in the detected left and right rotation images, the mathematical model of the depths and the offsets of the two ends of the crack tip is established.
    3) According to the above model, the depths hi, hi and the offsets xi, xi of the two ends of the crack tip, the offset x of the middle point of the crack and the inclination angle Θ of the crack in the T-joint weldment are determined respectively.
    4) Finally, the distribution of the crack defect along the length direction of the welding line by image processing is obtained, thereby realizing the spatial positioning of the crack defect in the T-joint weldment.
    Further, in the step 2), the thinnest position of the weldment penetrated by the X-ray penetration is selected as the positioning characteristic point, and the mathematical model of the depths and the offsets of the two ends of the crack tip is established.
    Further, in the step 2), as shown in FIG. 3, the mathematical model for calculating the offsets of the two ends of the crack tip is as follows:
    v _ dll ~dri
    Λ| — sin a _ dt2-dr2 sin a
    The mathematical model for calculating the offset of the middle point of the crack is as follows:
    X. + X, x = —--2
    When x>0, the middle point of the crack is located on the right side of the center line of the web plate of the T-joint weldment. When x=0, the middle point of the crack lies on the center line of the web plate of the T-joint weldment. When x<0, the middle point of the crack is located on the left side of the center line of the web plate of the T-joint weldment.
    As shown in FIG. 2, the mathematical model for calculating the depths of the crack tip is as follows:
    A, =——(—+ x,) + J cos a 2 dW h, = JU—++ cos a2 where, / i, / 2 represent the depths of the two ends Ai, A2 of the crack tip in the T-joint weldment, that is, the distances (mm) from the two ends of the crack tip to the lower surface of the wing plate of the T-joint weldment calculated by the formula;
    xy, X2 represent the distances from the two ends Ai, A2 of the crack tip in the T-joint weldment to the center line of the web plate, namely, the offsets (mm) of the two ends of the crack tip;
    x represents the distance from the middle point of the crack in the T-joint weldment to the center line of the web plate, namely, the offset (mm) of the middle point of the crack;
    du, di2 represent the projection distance (mm) from the two ends Ai, A2 of the crack tip to the thinnest position of the weldment penetrated by the X-ray penetration when the T-joint weldment is rotated right;
    dri, dr2 represent the projection distance (mm) from the two ends Ai, A2 of the crack tip to the thinnest position of the weldment penetrated by the X-ray penetration when the T-joint weldment is rotated left;
    a represents the angle of the left and right rotation of the T-joint weldment;
    W represents the width (mm) of the web plate of the T-joint weldment;
    Θ represents the angle between the line connecting the two ends of the crack and the horizontal line.
    Further, when a=45°, the mathematical model for calculating the offsets of the two ends of the crack tip is as follows:
    1_
    When «=45°, the mathematical model for calculating the depths of the crack tip is as follows:
    r- W h} = V2i/n -(— + x,) + δ r- W h2 = Zdl2 -(—+ x2) + J
    Furthermore, if h±!n, the inclination angle of the crack need be calculated.
    As shown in FIG. 4, if the inclination angle Θ is above the horizontal line.
    Otherwise, if Zzi</ 2, the inclination angle Θ is below the horizontal line.
    The mathematical model for calculating the inclination angle Θ between the line connecting the two ends of the crack tip and the horizontal line is as follows:
    I/ . -λ2|
    Θ = arctanJL
    Xl-X2
    Further, in the step 2), the width W of the web plate and the thickness δ of the wing plate of the T-joint weldment are measured in advance, and the du, d.12, d,-i and dr2 are automatically obtained after segmenting and extracting the defect in the detected images.
    As an application of the present invention, the method for spatially positioning the crack in the T-joint weldment can also be applied to the spatial positioning of the area-type defect in the formed parts such as T-shaped castings and forgings.
    The present invention provides the method for spatially positioning the crack defect in Tjoint weldment. In the method, firstly, the T-joint weldment is rotated left and right to obtain the left and right rotation images by the X-ray detection. According to the geometric relationship between the parts of the detected image, the mathematical model for calculating the depth and the offset of the crack defect in the T-joint weldment is established. According to the above model, the depths h, hi and the offsets xi, xi of the two ends of the crack tip, the offset x of the middle point of the crack and the inclination angle Θ of the crack in the T-joint weldment are determined respectively, wherein, the width W of the web plate and the thickness ό of the wing plate of the T-joint weldment may be measured in advance, and the du, du, d,-i and dr2 are automatically obtained after segmenting and extracting the defect in the detected images. The distribution of the crack defect along the length direction of the welding line can be obtained by image processing, thereby realizing the spatial positioning of the crack defect in the T-joint weldment.
    By adopting the method of the present invention for spatially positioning the crack in the T-joint weldment, the spatial positioning of the crack defect in the T-joint weldment can be realized. The present invention can be popularized to the spatial positioning of the area-type defects in other welded joints and applied to the spatial positioning of the area-type defects in the formed parts such as T-shaped castings and forgings, which has a good prospect of engineering application.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    CONCLUSIONS
    A method of spatial location determination of a crack in a T-weld, where:
    the method can realize the spatial location of the crack in the T-weld and comprises the following steps:
    1) rotating the T-weld to the left and right to obtain left and right rotation images by X-ray detection;
    [2]
    2) with a geometric relationship between each part in the detected rotation images from left and right, establish a mathematical model of depths and curves of two ends of a crack tip;
    [3]
    3) according to the above model, determining the depths hi, h2 and the bends xi, X2 of the two ends of the crack tip, a bend x of a midpoint of the crack and an angle of inclination Θ of the crack in the T- read; and
    [4]
    4) finally, obtaining a distribution of the crack defect along a longitudinal direction of a weld line by image processing, thereby realizing the spatial location of the crack defect in the T-weld.
    The method for spatially locating the T-weld crack according to claim 1, wherein: in step 2) a thinnest spot of the weld penetrated by the X-ray penetration is selected as a characteristic placement point, and a mathematical model of the depths and curves of the two ends of the crack tip are determined.
    The method for spatial location of the T-weld crack according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in step 2) the mathematical model for calculating the bends of the two ends of the crack tip is as follows:
    v _ ~ ^ rl
    X | 2 sin a χ _ ~ d rl
    2 sin a is the mathematical model for calculating the bend of the center of the crack as follows:
    x, + x, x = - 1 --- 2;
    when x> 0, the center of the crack is to the right of a centerline of a T-weld web plate; when x = 0, the center of the crack is on the centerline of the T-weld web plate; when x <0, the center of the crack is on the left side of the centerline of the T-weld web plate;
    the mathematical model for calculating crack tip depths is as follows:
    A = —— - (- + *,) + <
    cosa 2, d n W. _
    Λ, = —--- (- hx 2 ) + δ cosa 2 where hi, h2 represent the depths of the two ends Ai, A2 of the crack tip in the Tlas, that is, the distances (mm) of the two ends of the crack tip to the bottom surface of the wing plate of the T-weld calculated by the formula;
    xi, X2 represent the distances from the two ends Ai, A2 of the tear tip in the T-weld to the centerline of the web plate, namely the bends (mm) of the two ends of the tear tip;
    x represents the distance from the center of the crack in the T-weld to the centerline of the web, that is, the bend (mm) of the center of the crack;
    dn, di2 represent the projection distance (mm) of the two ends Ai, A2 from the tear tip to the thinnest spot of the weld penetrated by the X-ray penetration when the T-weld is turned to the right;
    dri, dr2 represent the projection distance (mm) from the two ends A1, A2 of the tear tip to the thinnest spot of the splice penetrated by the X-ray penetration when the T-splice is turned to the left;
    a represents the angle of the left and right rotation of the T-weld;
    W represents the width (mm) of the T-weld web plate; and
    Θ represents the angle between the line connecting the two ends of the crack and the horizontal line.
    A method for spatial location of the T-weld crack according to claim 3, wherein:
    when a = 45 °, the mathematical model for calculating the bends of the two ends of the crack tip is as follows:
    dg ~ d rl A 2 I - 'l' 2 ·; and when a = 45 °, the mathematical model for calculating the depth of the crack tip is as follows:
    / -
    1 = Α 2d n - (- + ^) + /) h 2 = y [2d ! 2 - (^ - + x,) + δ
    A method of spatial location of the crack in the T-weld according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: if hi + h2, the slope angle of the crack is to be calculated;
    if hi> h2, the angle of inclination Θ is above the horizontal line;
    otherwise, if hi <h2, the angle of inclination Θ is below the horizontal line; and the mathematical model for calculating the angle of inclination Θ between the line joining the two ends of the crack tip and the horizontal line is as follows:
    Θ = arctan J -----— x ( - x 2
    A method for the spatial location of the crack in the T-weld according to claim 1, wherein: in step 2) the width H / of the web plate and the thickness ö of the wing plate of the T-weld are pre-measured, and the du, di2, dri and dr2 are automatically obtained after segmenting and extracting the defect in the detected images.
    The method for spatially locating the crack in the T-weld according to claim 1, wherein: the method for spatially locating the crack in the T-weld can also be applied to the spatial locating of the area type defect in the formed pieces such as T-shaped castings and forgings.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN109991249A|2019-07-09|
    NL2024691B1|2021-04-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CN106483151A|2016-10-14|2017-03-08|徐州工程学院|Unilateral projection registration fault automatic distinguishing method in T-shaped weldment left/right rotation image|
    CN108896586A|2018-07-20|2018-11-27|徐州工程学院|The space-location method of defect and banjo fixing butt jointing weldment in banjo fixing butt jointing weldment|CN109991249A|2019-04-12|2019-07-09|徐州工程学院|The space-location method of crackle in T junction weldment|CN107561097A|2017-09-07|2018-01-09|荆门创佳机械科技有限公司|A kind of measuring method of crack depth of concrete|
    CN109060961B|2018-08-01|2020-04-14|大连理工大学|Thick-wall pipeline inclined crack accurate quantification method based on TOFD circumferential scanning image|
    CN109991249A|2019-04-12|2019-07-09|徐州工程学院|The space-location method of crackle in T junction weldment|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CN201910292669.5A|CN109991249A|2019-04-12|2019-04-12|The space-location method of crackle in T junction weldment|
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